Year: 2024, Volume: 01, Issue: 02, Pages: Pages: 80-92
THE HAPPINESS PROJECT- A LITERATURE REVIEW and an introduction to The Quantum Scale of Happiness and the Scale of Intelligence for measuring Spiritual Transformation
Original Article
Corresponding author: sandhyakanade@hotmail.com
Received Date: 29.11.2023 Accepted Date: 21.12.2023 Published Date: 31.01.2024
Abstract: Happiness is a much sought after quest not only by everyone in day-to-day life but increasingly by academia as well, given the personal and societal repercussions. This article aims to define and clarify what Happiness is, how it is produced, what factors influence it and the ways to measure it. We also explore the shortcomings of the measurements thus raising the need for a new way of measuring happiness using Dr. Goswami and Pattani’s Quantum Science Spectrum of the Scale of Happiness and Intelligence.
Keywords: Happiness, Multidimensionality, well-being, determinants, architecture and neuroscience of happiness, subjective and objective Happiness measures, Quantum Happiness, Quantum Science spectrum of Happiness.
REFERENCES
- Diener, E. Subjective well-being: the science of happiness, and a proposal for a national index. Am Psychol 2000,55,34-43.
- Lyubomirsky, S; Sheldon, K.M.; schkad, D. Pursuing Happiness: The architecture of sustainable change. Rev.Gen. psyhcol.2005, 9, 111-131.
- Argyle, M. (1987). The Psychology of happiness. London Metheun
- Hills, P. & Argyle, M. (2001). Emotional stability as a major dimension of happiness. Personality and Individual Differences, 31, 1357-1364
- Hupper FA. Psychological wellbeing: evidence regarding its causes and consequences. Appl Psychol Health Well Being. 2009;1(2):137-64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-0854.2009.01008x.].
- Meeberg, G.A. (1993). Quality of Life: A concept analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing., 18, 32-38.
- Deiner, E .(1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin,95, 542-575.
- Maslow A. (1970). Motivation and personality. New York: harper & Row Publishers
- Lyubomirsky, S. Why are some people happier than others? The role of cognitive and motivational processes in well-being. Am Psychol. 56, 239-249 (2001)
- Lomas, T., Bartels, M., Van De Weijer, M., Pluess, M., Hanson, J., & VanderWeele, T. J. (2022). The Architecture of Happiness. Emotion Review, 14(4), 288- 309. https://doi.org/10.1177/17540739221114109
- Mahon, N.E. & Yarcheski, A(2002). Alternative theories of happiness in early adolescents. Clinical Nursing Research, 11(3), 306-323.
- Okbay, A., Baselmans, B.M., De Neve, J.E., Turley, P., Nivard, M.G., Fontana, M.A., … & Rich, S.S., (2016). Genetic variants associated with subjective well-being, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism have been identified through genome-wide analyses. Nature genetics, 48(6), 624-633. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.3552
- Trudel-Fitzgerald, C., Millstgein, R.A. von Hippel, C., Howe, C.J. Tomasso, L.P. Wagner, G.R., & VandeWeele, T.J. (2019). Psyhcological Wellbeing as part of the public healthdebate? Insight into dimensions, interventions, and policy. BMCPublic Health, 19 (1), 1712. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-8029-x
- Wilbur, K. (1997) An integral theory of consciousness. Journal of consciousness studies, 4(1), 71-92.
- Lomas, T. (2027b). Recontextualizing mindfulness: Theravada Buddhist perspectives on the ethical and spiritual dimensions of awareness. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 9, 209-219. https://doi.org/10.1037/rel0000080
- Lakey, B., & Orehek, E. (2011). Relational regulation theory: A new approach to explain the link between perceived social support and mental health. Psychological Review, 118(3), 482-495. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023477.
- Wilson, J.M., Weiss, A., & Shook, N.J. (2020). Mindfulness, self-compassion and savoring: Factors that explain the relationship between perceived social support and well-being. Personality and Individual Differences. 152, 109568, https://doi.org/10.1037/j.pai.2019.109568.
- Lomas, T., VanderWeele, T.D., The Complex Creation of Happiness: Multidimensional conditionality in the Drivers of Happy People and Societies. The journal of Positive Psychology, 18:1, 15-33. DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2021. 1991453.
- Kober, H. et al Functional grouping and cortical-subcortical interactions in emotion: A meta- analysis of neuroimaging studies. Neuroimage 42, 998-1031 (2008).
- Sato, W.et al. The structural neural substrate of subjective happiness. Sci. Rep. 5, 16891; doi: 10.1038/srep16891(2015)
- Kozma, A., Stones, M.J., & McNeil, J.K. (1991). Psychological well-being in later life. Toronto, ON: Butterworths.
- Kozma, A., & stones, M.J. (1980). The measurement of Happiness: The development of the Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness (MUNSH). Journal of Gerontology, 35, 906-912.
- Dambrun, M; Ricard, M; et al. Measuring happiness: from fluctuating happiness to authentic durable happiness. Front.Psyhcol. 2012,3,16.
- Ryff et al.,2007; National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS II), 2004-2006; Documentation of the Psychosocial Constructs and Composite Variables in MIDUS II Project 1. Ann Arbor, MI: Interuniversity Consortium for Political and Social research.
- Lyubomirsky, S; Lepper, H.S. A measure of subjective happiness. Preliminary reliability and construct validation. Soc.Indic.Res.1999, 46,137-155
- Hills, P., & Argyle, M. (2002). The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire: A compact scale for the measurement of psychological well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 33, 1073-1082.
- Matteo Rizzato, M; Di Dio, C;Miraglia, L; Sam, C; D’Anzi, S; Antonelli, M; Donelli, D. Are you Happy? A Validation Study of a Tool Measuring Happiness. Behav. Sci. 2022, 12,295.
- Seligman, M. (2010). Flourish: positive psychology and positive interventions. 231-243
- S.D. Kreibig, “Autonomic nervous system activity in emotion: a review, “Biological Psychology, vol 84, no.3, pp. 394-421, 2010.
- M Hao, G. Liu, A. Gokhale, Y. Xu & R. Chen. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience Jan 2019, DOI: 10.1155/2019/1965789
- Quantum Psychology and the Science of Happiness. Amit Goswami PhD and Sunita Pattani M.Sc